Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)-Awsbloginfo

Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is a web service interface that provides resizable compute capacity in the AWS cloud. It is designed for developers to have complete control over web-scaling and computing resources.

EC2 instances can be resized and the number of instances scaled up or down as per our requirement. These instances can be launched in one or more geographical locations or regions, and Availability Zones (AZs). Each region comprises of several AZs at distinct locations, connected by low latency networks in the same region.

EC2 Components

In AWS EC2, the users must be aware about the EC2 components, their operating systems support, security measures, pricing structures, etc.

OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORT

Amazon EC2 supports multiple OS in which we need to pay additional licensing fees like: Red Hat Enterprise, SUSE Enterprise and Oracle Enterprise Linux, UNIX, Windows Server, etc. These OS needs to be implemented in conjunction with Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

SECURITY

Users have complete control over the visibility of their AWS account. In AWS EC2, the security systems allow create groups and place running instances into it as per the requirement. You can specify the groups with which other groups may communicate, as well as the groups with which IP subnets on the Internet may talk.

PRICING

AWS offers a variety of pricing options, depending on the type of resources, types of applications and database. It allows the users to configure their resources and compute the charges accordingly.

FAULT TOLERANCE

Amazon EC2 allows the users to access its resources to design fault-tolerant applications. EC2 also comprises geographic regions and isolated locations known as availability zones for fault tolerance and stability. It doesn’t share the exact locations of regional data centers for security reasons.

When the users launch an instance, they must select an AMI that's in the same region where the instance will run. Instances are distributed across multiple availability zones to provide continuous services in failures, and Elastic IP (EIPs) addresses are used to quickly map failed instance addresses to concurrent running instances in other zones to avoid delay in services.

MIGRATION

This service allows the users to move existing applications into EC2. It costs $80.00 per storage device and $2.49 per hour for data loading. This service suits those users having large amount of data to move.

Features of EC2

Here is a list of some of the prominent features of EC2 −

• Reliable − Amazon EC2 offers a highly reliable environment where replacement of instances is rapidly possible. Service Level Agreement commitment is 99.9% availability for each Amazon EC2 region.

• Designed for Amazon Web Services − Amazon EC2 works fine with Amazon services like Amazon S3, Amazon RDS, Amazon DynamoDB, and Amazon SQS. It provides a complete solution for computing, query processing, and storage across a wide range of applications.

• Secure − Amazon EC2 works in Amazon Virtual Private Cloud to provide a secure and robust network to resources.

• Flexible Tools − Amazon EC2 provides the tools for developers and system administrators to build failure applications and isolate themselves from common failure situations.

• Inexpensive − Amazon EC2 wants us to pay only for the resources that we use. It includes multiple purchase plans such as On-Demand Instances, Reserved Instances, Spot Instances, etc. which we can choose as per our requirement.

• EC2 stands for Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud.
• Amazon EC2 is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.
• Amazon EC2 reduces the time required to obtain and boot new user instances to minutes rather than in older days, if you need a server then you had to put a purchase order, and cabling is done to get a new server which is a very time-consuming process. Now, Amazon has provided an EC2 which is a virtual machine in the cloud that completely changes the industry.
• You can scale the compute capacity up and down as per the computing requirement changes.
• Amazon EC2 changes the economics of computing by allowing you to pay only for the resources that you actually use. Rather than you previously buy physical servers, you would look for a server that has more CPU capacity, RAM capacity and you buy a server over 5 year term, so you have to plan for 5 years in advance. People spend a lot of capital in such investments. EC2 allows you to pay for the capacity that you actually use.
• Amazon EC2 provides the developers with the tools to build resilient applications that isolate themselves from some common scenarios.

EC2 Pricing Options

On Demand

• It allows you to pay a fixed rate by the hour or even by the second with no commitment.
• Linux instance is by the second and windows instance is by the hour.
• On Demand is perfect for the users who want low cost and flexibility of Amazon EC2 without any up-front investment or long-term commitment.
• It is suitable for the applications with short term, spiky or unpredictable workloads that cannot be interrupted.
• It is useful for the applications that have been developed or tested on Amazon EC2 for the first time.
• On Demand instance is recommended when you are not sure which instance type is required for your performance needs.

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Reserved

• It is a way of making a reservation with Amazon or we can say that we make a contract with Amazon. The contract can be for 1 or 3 years in length.
• In a Reserved instance, you are making a contract means you are paying some upfront, so it gives you a significant discount on the hourly charge for an instance.
• It is useful for applications with steady state or predictable usage.
• It is used for those applications that require reserved capacity.
• Users can make up-front payments to reduce their total computing costs. For example, if you pay all your upfronts and you do 3 years contract, then only you can get a maximum discount, and if you do not pay all upfronts and do one year contract then you will not be able to get as much discount as you can get If you do 3 year contract and pay all the upfronts.

Types of Reserved Instances:

• Standard Reserved Instances
• Convertible Reserved Instances
• Scheduled Reserved Instances

Standard Reserved Instances

• It provides a discount of up to 75% off on demand. For example, you are paying all up-fronts for 3 year contract.
• It is useful when your Application is at the steady-state.

Convertible Reserved Instances

• It provides a discount of up to 54% off on demand.
• It provides the feature that has the capability to change the attributes of RI as long as the exchange results in the creation of Reserved Instances of equal or greater value.
• Like Standard Reserved Instances, it is also useful for the steady state applications.

Scheduled Reserved Instances

• Scheduled Reserved Instances are available to launch within the specified time window you reserve.
• It allows you to match your capacity reservation to a predictable recurring schedule that only requires a fraction of a day, a week, or a month.

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Spot Instances

• It allows you to bid for a price whatever price that you want for instance capacity, and providing better savings if your applications have flexible start and end times.
• Spot Instances are useful for those applications that have flexible start and end times.
• It is useful for those applications that are feasible at very low compute prices.
• It is useful for those users who have an urgent need for large amounts of additional computing capacity.
• EC2 Spot Instances provide less discounts as compared to On Demand prices.
• Spot Instances are used to optimize your costs on the AWS cloud and scale your application's throughput up to 10X.
• EC2 Spot Instances will continue to exist until you terminate these instances.

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Dedicated Hosts

• A dedicated host is a physical server with EC2 instance capacity which is fully dedicated to your use.
• The physical EC2 server is the dedicated host that can help you to reduce costs by allowing you to use your existing server-bound software licenses. For example, Vmware, Oracle, SQL Server depending on the licenses that you can bring over to AWS and then they can use the Dedicated host.
• Dedicated hosts are used to address compliance requirements and reduces host by allowing to use your existing server-bound server licenses.
• It can be purchased as a Reservation for up to 70% off On-Demand price.

How to Use AWS EC2

Step 1 − Sign-in to AWS account and open IAM console by using the following link https://console.aws.amazon.com/iam/.

Step 2 − In the navigation Panel, create/view groups and follow the instructions.

Step 3 − Create IAM user. Choose users in the navigation pane. Then create new users and add users to the groups.

Step 4 − Create a Virtual Private Cloud using the following instructions.

• Open the Amazon VPC console by using the following link − https://console.aws.amazon.com/vpc/

• Select VPC from the navigation panel. Then select the same region in which we have created key-pair.

• Select start VPC wizard on VPC dashboard.

• Select VPC configuration page and make sure that VPC with single subnet is selected. The choose Select.

• VPC with a single public subnet page will open. Enter the VPC name in the name field and leave other configurations as default.

• Select create VPC, then select Ok.

Step 5 − Create WebServerSG security groups and add rules using the following instructions.

• On the VPC console, select Security groups in the navigation panel.

• Select create security group and fill the required details like group name, name tag, etc.

• Select your VPC ID from the menu. Then select yes, create button.

• Now a group is created. Select the edit option in the inbound rules tab to create rules.

Step 6 − Launch EC2 instance into VPC using the following instructions.

• Open EC2 console by using the following link − https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/

• Select launch instance option in the dashboard.

• A new page will open. Choose Instance Type and provide the configuration. Then select Next: Configure Instance Details.

• A new page will open. Select VPC from the network list. Select subnet from the subnet list and leave the other settings as default.

• Click Next until the Tag Instances page appears.

Step 7 − On the Tag Instances page, provide a tag with a name to the instances. Select Next: Configure Security Group.

Step 8 − On the Configure Security Group page, choose the Select an existing security group option. Select the WebServerSG group that we created previously, and then choose Review and Launch.

Step 9 − Check Instance details on Review Instance Launch page then click the Launch button.

Step 10 − A pop up dialog box will open. Select an existing key pair or create a new key pair. Then select the acknowledgement check box and click the Launch Instances button.